No Hesitation Read online

  Also by Kirk Russell

  Paul Grale Thrillers

  Signature Wounds

  Gone Dark

  Ben Raveneau Mysteries

  A Killing in China Basin

  Counterfeit Road

  One Through the Heart

  The John Marquez Mysteries

  Shell Games

  Night Game

  Dead Game

  Redback

  Die-Off

  This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, organizations, places, events, and incidents are either products of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously.

  Copyright © 2020 by Kirk Russell

  All rights reserved.

  No part of this book may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without express written permission of the publisher.

  Published by Strawberry Creek, LLC, Berkeley

  kirkrussellbooks.com

  Edited and designed by Girl Friday Productions

  www.girlfridayproductions.com

  Design: Paul Barrett

  Project management: Sara Addicott

  Cover image credits: CO Leong/Shutterstock; rdonar/Shutterstock; Alexyz3d/Shutterstock; Ryan Fletcher/Shutterstock

  ISBN (paperback): 978-1-7343146-0-1

  ISBN (ebook): 978-1-7343146-1-8

  Library of Congress Control Number: 2019919007

  For Clara and Margot

  August 2nd

  Two US Customs and Border Protection agents led the man inside the Metaline Falls Border Station, where he handed over his passport and was questioned about his travel plans. The driver who’d picked him up an hour north in Nelson, Canada, was also questioned, but she was known. She’d grown up in Spokane and was a childhood friend of the agents questioning her passenger.

  “He talked the whole way here about his trip,” she said. “And I mean, the whole way. He also showed me the camera he bought for wildlife photos. This guy is a tourist.”

  The man appeared calm as he used his phone to show agents his lodging reservations at Zion and Yellowstone national parks, as well as his return flight to Europe. His German passport read Heinz Ulrich, age fifty-four. He matched his passport photo, with brown eyes and dark hair graying at the temples. From his responses it seemed he understood English better than he spoke it.

  One of the border agents interviewed later said the man was emotional as he talked about his desire to see the American West and how he’d saved money for this vacation. He’d gotten teary and appeared confused after he was told he might be denied entry.

  “I am a hiker,” he said and showed them a Yellowstone trail map on his phone.

  The border agents had a problem with the new facial-recognition software. If unable to verify identity, it gave a probability estimate. The estimate was intended to aid agents, but so far had only complicated their jobs. With the individual in question it gave a sixty-one percent probability that the man was a bomb maker, long sought, named Frederic Dalz.

  Further complicating the agents’ jobs was the poor quality of known photos of Dalz, and the fact that several Western intelligence agencies believed he was inactive or dead. On top of that, the new facial-recognition software had a mixed record at the Metaline Falls Border Station.

  Two weeks earlier, it had identified a Spokane rancher as a terrorist. He was detained overnight, an arrest that had generated significant media coverage and provoked an embarrassing apology. The desire not to be implicated in another mistake weighed on the agents’ minds as they conferred out of earshot.

  Two agents remained with the man as he waited. He enthusiastically described a new camera he’d bought for the trip to the agent nearest him. She listened without interest. She said later that as the agents returned, she saw his eyes go flat and expressionless.

  Four years earlier, an American FBI agent named Paul Grale, who worked on the domestic terrorism squad in Las Vegas, had nearly trapped Frederic Dalz with the help of Croatian police, or so Grale believed. Dalz had escaped. Grale was the FBI agent most knowledgeable about Dalz. In interviews later, the Metaline border agents said they’d come close to calling him.

  The agents reached a decision and fanned out as they returned to where the man stood waiting. The lead agent handed back the passport and said, “Welcome to America, Mr. Ulrich. We hope your trip is everything you’ve dreamed of.”

  1

  August 5th

  Near sunrise we passed through a guarded gate at a military testing site then crossed a flat valley and rose into bone-colored desert mountains on a narrow unpaved road. A mile up, after rounding a long climbing curve, Dr. Ralin pointed at a small flat area near the cliff edge.

  “Park there, Agent Grale, and I’ll tell you what happened.”

  As we got out, I saw Ralin pick up on my limp. I’ve had a lot of back pain the past few weeks, but it’s an old problem that dates to the Iraq War when the FBI sent agents to help the Army defuse bombs. I don’t like to talk about those injuries and was glad Ralin didn’t ask.

  We walked over near the cliff edge and looked down at a dry valley and then across it at gray-and-red-striped mountains, and a tall rock formation there that Ralin pointed at.

  “A battle was fought here, a mock one between two drone squadrons. I’m violating every security regulation telling you this, but the FBI needs to know. The green drones were controlled by Air Force officers, the red by Indie. Each squadron had a master drone and nineteen attack drones. Indie is our nickname for the artificial intelligence at Independence Base. Indie used that rock formation to hide its master drone.”

  “Machine against man,” I said. “Hasn’t that testing gone on for years?”

  “Yes, but never with an artificial intelligence as sophisticated and capable as Indie.”

  “How did ‘Indie’ communicate with the drones it controlled?”

  “Through JWICS, the Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System. All communications are through JWICS—Internet, Pentagon, everything. It created a slight lag in the battle, but that would also happen in war. You use JWICS at the FBI, don’t you?”

  “For anything secure,” I said, then asked, “If there was a lag, wouldn’t that have given an advantage to a human commander?”

  “If the human commander could react as fast or see everything at once like Indie does. Indie had the advantage of running millions of mock battles prior to and during the battle as it evolved. Picture your brain being able to do an enormous amount more all at once and quickly. In drone warfare, a full second is a large amount of time.”

  “How long was the battle here?”

  “Forty-three seconds.”

  “Start to finish?”

  “Yes.”

  “Where’s the rest of the world at with this?”

  “We’re racing Russia, China, and other nations. The Russians are further along than they let on. China is very capable and has focus, money, and ambition. They’re pushing hard. Several nations have military applications for AI programs. We’re in a dangerous race toward weaponizing AI. At the moment, we have a slight lead or at least think we do. If we get too far ahead, our enemies will have no choice but to try to slow us down.”

  I’m a career FBI agent on the domestic terrorism squad in the Las Vegas office. I’ve been briefed on Ralin’s belief that we should push ahead with the military AI project at Independence Base, but also share with the world the computer source code that led to Indie. He’s said as much in interviews, on TV talk shows, and even in a TED presentation. He’s also said the sharin
g right now isn’t realistic, so it’s hard to know what he really thinks. My guess is he wants it that way.

  “Who of our allies would you share code with?” I asked.

  “A year from now I’d share with our closest allies. AI will benefit all of humanity if allowed to.”

  I started to ask more but then thought, why bother. We weren’t out here for that. We were here at Ralin’s request after two top coders on the Indie project disappeared last night. The pair missing, Alan Eckstrom and Eric Indonal, were coders but also computer scientists and equals to Ralin or something close to it. Or that’s what he communicated on the pre-dawn drive here and much more calmly than he had at three-thirty this morning.

  “What happened here may explain why Eric and Alan quit,” Ralin said.

  “So now you think they quit?”

  “Now that I’ve had more time to think about it, I do think they quit.”

  On the drive here Ralin had talked about their start together seven years ago on the project that became the breakthrough Indie. His call at three a.m. to our Las Vegas FBI Field Office was after Laura Trent, the girlfriend of Alan Eckstrom, called him worried and frightened that her boyfriend, Eckstrom, hadn’t come home. Ralin’s call was referred to me, but only because there were security worries surrounding anyone working on the Indie project.

  When we talked, he told me he doubted Eckstrom and Indonal had been abducted, but wanted to come here to explain why. He returned to that as we dropped the open source code talk.

  “The red machine struck first,” he said. “Both teams hid drones by making them hard to detect with radar. They used natural structures. The red team used that rock formation across the canyon I pointed out. I was in an observation helicopter. Two observers were parked where we’ve parked.”

  “So right here?”

  “Yes, right here, and their job was to watch, evaluate, and write up the battle results. It wasn’t as much a hunt for nineteen attack drones as a hunt for two master drones, and we’re still analyzing what Indie did, but I can tell you that it ran very rapid calculations that measured millionths-of-a-second differences in message delivery times between the enemy master drone and its soldier drones. Using that information, it triangulated and located the green master drone’s approximate then exact location.”

  “Say all that again,” I said.

  He did and more slowly, with more detail. By measuring tiny signal-timing differences, Indie had pinpointed the location of the green master drone and destroyed it.

  “What was the skill level of the human opponents?” I asked.

  “The Air Force delayed the test three weeks until they could fly in the very best. Now they’re planning another test. They’ll plan another after that and another and another and another until they finally accept this generation of AI is superior.”

  He said that with such certainty, I turned, looked at him, and thought about all the times people were certain and then things turned out different than expected. It also struck me as an odd thing to say after Indie just killed two people.

  “If you were in charge would you shut the AI down while you figured out what happened here?” I asked.

  “It’s pointless to talk about,” he said. “It’s not going to get shut down. That invites even worse risks. We’re in an arms race.”

  “Are we?”

  “We most definitely are.”

  “You don’t see Indie, our AI, in a strictly deterrent role?”

  He smiled at that and said, “You know as well as I do, it’s not a deterrent.”

  I did know. Indie was anything but. It was out across the world breaking into computer systems, crypto cracking, and ghosting through enemy computer files while our government issued righteous denials.

  “I’ll show you what happened here,” Ralin said, “but I need my laptop.”

  He got that from inside my car and opened it on the hood. His hands trembled as he started a video playing. It began with the mountains across the valley in sunlight and shadow. The camera panned over rock formations and then the flat valley below.

  “Watch the timer in the upper right-hand corner, and the green and red boxes. Those boxes are tallying kills.”

  Firing began. White smoke trails streaked the sky and flashes of light corresponded with the kill count in the upper right corner of the screen. A timer showed the seconds as they ticked by, and as Ralin had said, it all went down in forty-three seconds. When the firing ended, a camera on the helicopter zoomed in on the red master drone repositioning itself a thousand feet above the vehicle of two military observers. The camera then zoomed in on the vehicle, and I read the Department of Defense insignia on the driver’s door.

  I felt Ralin tense and only then did I realize what was coming.

  “Indie already knew it had won,” Ralin said, then glanced at me and added, “I have a lot of trouble watching this. The red drone positioned itself above the observers. I was very nervous then and am now. I’ll never get over it. We couldn’t understand what the red master drone was doing, but we should have guessed and taken action.”

  “Were the observers warned?”

  “Yes.”

  In the video, a man got out of the passenger side and walked a short distance away, then looked up with binoculars.

  “Were they told the red master drone was above them?” I asked.

  “Yes.”

  Just as Ralin answered, there was a bright flash of light and the head and chest of the observer outside exploded. That’s the only way to describe it. He was there and then gone. When we could see again, parts of his body were scattered over the rocks. Ralin bowed his head and turned from the laptop as a second rocket struck the jeep. It burned with the other observer inside.

  Ralin spoke again and in a flat voice said, “Indie wouldn’t do anything without a logical reason, but so far, we can’t determine how it got there. It may have perceived a future threat or even considered the men’s role as observers and what they’d learned about its attack strategy. There has to be a reason. Most likely, almost certainly, it’s a coding error. I just don’t know what it was, and neither do Eric and Alan.”

  “What happens when you ask the AI, Indie, as you call it?”

  “We get answers that are hard to explain unless you have worked with AI, and I really shouldn’t be talking at all. I’ve shared enough to get arrested.”

  “You’re fine talking with an FBI agent. I’ve been down this road before, don’t worry. You can talk to me.”

  “We’ve tried to program a moral code without hampering Indie’s ability to fight to win, but that’s very difficult when the primary goal is to have the fastest, most accurate response to achieve a war objective. Winning requires no delay or hesitation.”

  “How did Indonal and Eckstrom react?”

  “We were all shocked. I’ve thought and thought about what happened here. I . . . It did happen. There’s no questioning that.”

  He started to say something more, stopped, then said, “Indie often takes a different path than we anticipate. Sometimes it takes us a while to understand why. This time I don’t really know what we witnessed. We’ve come up with theories but none quite fit, or they do and they don’t.”

  “Was the decision to kill the observers made before or after the battle started?”

  “After, and the killings may have to do with the future and not this forty-three-second battle. Forty-three seconds will very soon look as quaint and slow as the horse and buggy. AI machines will do more damage faster and on a larger scale than we’ve ever seen. Wars fought between AIs may start and finish within hours and days, not months and years. We thought we’d witnessed a coding error when it killed the observers. What we may have watched was the future and a reflection of ourselves and how we treat future variables in warfare.”

  “What do you mean when you say ‘variables
in warfare’?”

  “Enemy soldiers are known combatants, but a sixteen-year-old witnessing a battle is a variable. AI may view the unarmed adolescent as a future source of information and kill the teenager. Wars fought at the speed of AI will evolve toward more efficient killing. Taking prisoners of war could end. The execution of prisoners, killing witnesses who could aid the enemy—none of that’s new, but it could get much faster and more efficient.”

  “Is that why Indonal and Eckstrom quit? Or is there more?”

  “What happened here shocked them. It shocked me, but for Eric and Alan it may have been the catalyst. But they also have some issues with me, serious issues.”

  That was the first time he’d said that and I nudged him along. I didn’t want to call him out on holding back.

  “They want to get to a new, more positive project. We didn’t work years and years on AI with war in mind. I don’t believe a foreign power abducted them, and I can promise you they’re not going to help a dictator or any country that restricts the freedoms of its people.”

  “Then why did they just disappear? Why not tell you?”

  “They’re angry at me. They want to shut down Indie until we solve this. The Department of Defense owns this project and has said no shutdown but no more live testing. I was okay with that solution but they weren’t.”

  “You didn’t say any of that last night.”

  “I know. Alan’s girlfriend, Laura, was so upset and worried, I wasn’t thinking clearly. She had talked to him and he was ready to come home but never showed up. Only later did it occur to me I needed to bring someone from the FBI out here. The switch from DARPA to DoD was hard on all three of us, but particularly them. They dream of a better world more often than I do. I’m not as optimistic about humanity.”

  Ralin and his team of neural-network specialists were initially funded by DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. After Indie proved viable, DoD made the decision to build Independence Base. DARPA falls under the Department of Defense umbrella, so DoD took over. The switch from working for DARPA to DoD could easily be a rough change. Stricter new rules. The whole thing.